The languages of a `Site`¶

The languages attribute of a Site specifies the language distribution used on this site.

the user interface languages available on this site
if your application uses Multilingual database content, the languages for multi-lingual database content

Changing this setting affects your database structure if your application uses Multilingual database content, and thus might require a data migration.

This must be either None or an iterable of language codes, or a string containing a space-separated series of language codes.

Examples:

languages = "en de fr nl et".split()
languages = ['en', 'fr']
languages = 'en fr'

The first language in this list will be the site's default language.

>>> from django.utils import translation
>>> from lino.core.site import TestSite as Site
>>> import json

Application code usually specifies Site.languages as a single string with a space-separated list of language codes. The Site will analyze this string during instantiation and convert it into a tuple of LanguageInfo objects.

The following examples use the TestSite class just to show certain things which apply also to "real" Sites.

>>> SITE = Site(languages="en fr de")
>>> print(SITE.languages)  
(LanguageInfo(django_code='en', name='en', index=0, suffix=''),
 LanguageInfo(django_code='fr', name='fr', index=1, suffix='_fr'),
 LanguageInfo(django_code='de', name='de', index=2, suffix='_de'))

>>> SITE = Site(languages="de-ch de-be")
>>> print(SITE.languages)  
(LanguageInfo(django_code='de-ch', name='de_CH', index=0, suffix=''), LanguageInfo(django_code='de-be', name='de_BE', index=1, suffix='_de_BE'))

If we have more than one locale of a same language on a same Site (e.g. 'en-us' and 'en-gb') then it is not allowed to specify just 'en'. But otherwise it is allowed to just say "en", which will mean "the English variant used on this Site".

>>> site = Site(languages="en-us fr de-be de")
>>> print(site.languages)  
(LanguageInfo(django_code='en-us', name='en_US', index=0, suffix=''),
 LanguageInfo(django_code='fr', name='fr', index=1, suffix='_fr'),
 LanguageInfo(django_code='de-be', name='de_BE', index=2, suffix='_de_BE'),
 LanguageInfo(django_code='de', name='de', index=3, suffix='_de'))

>>> from pprint import pprint
>>> pprint(site.language_dict)
{'de': LanguageInfo(django_code='de', name='de', index=3, suffix='_de'),
 'de_BE': LanguageInfo(django_code='de-be', name='de_BE', index=2, suffix='_de_BE'),
 'en': LanguageInfo(django_code='en-us', name='en_US', index=0, suffix=''),
 'en_US': LanguageInfo(django_code='en-us', name='en_US', index=0, suffix=''),
 'fr': LanguageInfo(django_code='fr', name='fr', index=1, suffix='_fr')}

>>> site.language_dict['de']
LanguageInfo(django_code='de', name='de', index=3, suffix='_de')

>>> site.language_dict['de_BE']
LanguageInfo(django_code='de-be', name='de_BE', index=2, suffix='_de_BE')

>>> site.language_dict['de'] == site.language_dict['de_BE']
False

>>> site.language_dict['en'] == site.language_dict['en_US']
True

>>> site.language_dict['en']
LanguageInfo(django_code='en-us', name='en_US', index=0, suffix='')
>>> site.language_dict['en']
LanguageInfo(django_code='en-us', name='en_US', index=0, suffix='')

>>> site.language_dict['fr']
LanguageInfo(django_code='fr', name='fr', index=1, suffix='_fr')

>>> pprint(site.django_settings['LANGUAGES'])  
[('de', 'German'), ('fr', 'French')]

Note that Lino automatically sets USE_L10N to True when you specify languages.

>>> site.django_settings['USE_L10N']
True
>>> pprint(site.django_settings['LANGUAGE_CODE'])
'en-us'

When you leave languages at its default value None, Lino will set the default language "en" at startup. But there is a difference between None and "en": None will cause USE_L10N to be False because this is what we want when we don't worry about languages.

Lino's default language is "en" and not "en-us" because Django has no entry in LANGUAGES for this language code, and because we also reduce the LANGUAGES setting to the languages that are needed. Django 3.0.3 system check complained with "(translation.E004) You have provided a value for the LANGUAGE_CODE setting that is not in the LANGUAGES setting."

>>> site = Site()
>>> print(site.languages)
(LanguageInfo(django_code='en', name='en', index=0, suffix=''),)
>>> pprint(site.django_settings['LANGUAGES'])
[('en', 'English')]

>>> 'USE_L10N' in site.django_settings
False

>>> 'LANGUAGE_CODE' in site.django_settings
False

The languages of a Site¶

The languages of a `Site`¶